Lyme Disease in Dogs Explained: Symptoms, Risks and How to Stay Safe

We are delighted to welcome Dr. Paul Manktelow as a guest contributor to our blog. With nearly two decades of experience working on the front line in some of the UK’s busiest veterinary hospitals, Dr. Manktelow brings a wealth of knowledge and compassion to his work. As a trusted voice in veterinary care, he has dedicated his career to improving the health and wellbeing of animals across the country.

In this special blog post, Dr. Manktelow shares his insights on Lyme disease in dogs—an increasingly common but often misunderstood condition. His expert advice will help you understand how to spot the signs, reduce the risks, and ensure your furry companions stay safe and healthy.

May is Lyme Disease Awareness Month, making it the perfect time to highlight a condition that often goes unnoticed but can affect both pets and people. As a vet, I have seen first-hand how important it is to stay alert to the risks of tick bites, particularly during spring and summer when ticks are usually most active.

What is Lyme Disease?

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi, which is spread by the bite of an infected tick. In the UK, the main carrier is the sheep tick (Ixodes ricinus), often found in woodland, heathland and grassy rural areas.

Ticks attach to the skin to feed and can be easily missed, particularly in dogs with longer coats. If an infected tick remains attached for more than 24 hours, there is a chance the bacteria may be transmitted into the bloodstream.

Lyme Disease is Zoonotic

It is important to know that Lyme disease does not only affect dogs. It is a zoonotic condition, which means it can also be transmitted to humans through tick bites. People who enjoy walking in the countryside, especially in areas with long grass, are also at risk. While dogs cannot pass Lyme disease directly to humans, they can carry ticks into the home, so routine checks benefit the whole family.

Spotting the Symptoms in Dogs

Signs of Lyme disease can be vague and often appear weeks after exposure. Symptoms to watch for include:

● Lethargy or general tiredness

● Loss of appetite

● Fever

● Stiff or swollen joints

● Lameness that may shift from leg to leg

● Sensitivity to touch or general discomfort

In some cases, more serious complications can occur, affecting the kidneys or nervous system. If your dog shows any of these signs, particularly after being in tick-prone areas, it is best to contact your vet.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Lyme disease is usually diagnosed through blood tests. Treatment involves a course of antibiotics, which is often successful if the disease is caught early. Many dogs recover well, although symptoms can return in some cases and follow-up may be needed.

Prevention is Key

You can reduce your pet’s risk of Lyme disease with a few simple steps:

● Check your dog daily for ticks, especially after walks in grassy or wooded areas. Common hiding spots include ears, neck, groin and between the toes

● Use a tick remover or fine tweezers to remove ticks promptly and safely

● Apply regular tick prevention treatments, such as vet-recommended spot-ons, collars or oral products

● Avoid known tick hotspots when possible, or stick to well-maintained paths

There is also a Lyme disease vaccine available for dogs in the UK. It is not part of the core vaccination schedule but may be advisable if your dog regularly visits high-risk areas. Speak to your vet to find out more.

Stay Tick-Aware

Lyme Disease Awareness Month is a timely reminder of the importance of tick prevention for your pet’s health and your own. By staying informed, checking your dog regularly and using appropriate tick control, you can enjoy the outdoors safely this season.

For more advice on protecting your pets, speak to your vet or visit the NAWT Advice Page for more articles on pet health and safety.